The Girls of Slender Means by Muriel Spark
published 1963
She lingered, shivering a little, but with an appealing grace, like a wounded roe deer, in her white petticoat and bare feet.
The book came up in the discussions on my challenge
post
– where I invited readers to suggest books to match pictures I had in reserve.
The Girls of Slender Means was
an early inspiration for the blog: the eponymous girls live in a hostel, and have
dealings in a beautiful Schiaparelli evening dress, which can be borrowed from
its owner on payment of soap or clothes coupons: “You can't wear it to
the Milroy. It's been twice to the Milroy . . . it's been to
Quaglino's, Selina wore it to Quags, it's getting known all over London."
So obviously I wanted to illustrate
that back in the day, and did so, right-hand picture, although I used what I could find, and the dress was very much in
the spirit of the one in the book, but didn’t really fit the description. Eh
voila! There are more pictures available these days, and maybe I’m better at
finding them: this one (left) does seem more like it in colour, although actually I
think my original was better in style.
(they are both sketches of Schiaparelli dresses)
It was made of taffeta,
with small side panniers stuck out with cleverly curved pads over the hips. It
was coloured dark blue, green, orange and white in a floral pattern as from
the Pacific Islands.
The book also featured in a piece I did
for the Guardian, about fictional women sharing accommodation,
with an inciting quote from Hilary Mantel.
Two young women move into a
student Hall of Residence in London, and have this conversation:
‘It would be nice if we went around and talked like an Edna O’Brien novel. It would suit us.’
‘Yes it would become us’ I said. ‘We haven’t the class for Girls of Slender Means.’
And yes, the Spark girls are meant to be quite upmarket.
It is the ur-novel of women living together: "love and
money were the vital themes in all the bedrooms and dormitories" of the
May of Teck Club. There are the arguments, the fascination with food and
calories, the still-shocking ending: thin women win, in a way you couldn't
expect.
On this re-read, I found I had forgotten the frequent
snatches of poetry in the book – Cavafy, Wordsworth, Matthew Arnold. Gerard
Manley Hopkins’ The Wreck of the Deutschland, much mentioned, is weirdly
appropriate.
Some of the girls are trying to achieve Poise via a course that
Selina paid good money for. They have to repeat these two sentences twice a
day:
Poise is perfect balance, an
equanimity of body and mind, complete composure whatever the social scene. Elegant dress,
immaculate grooming, and perfect deportment all contribute to the attainment of
self-confidence.
Not very catchy. Somewhat reminiscent of the discussion in
the comments on this
recent post – where we got into ‘I must, I must increase
my bust,’ which at least is easy to remember.
I had forgotten that Selina rescues the Schiaparelli dress at
the end, and seems to go off with it, although it is not hers.
And the full quote for the top picture (the challenge one):
Nicholas was as fleetingly impressed as was
possible in the emergency, by the fact that Selina allowed the other girls to
take the blankets. She lingered, shivering a little, but with an appealing
grace, like a wounded roe deer, in her white petticoat and bare
feet.
You might suspect Selina’s motives; I couldn't possibly comment.
The book flits through chapters which almost could be by
someone else (not quite) before heading into the final astonishing and grim
incident.
So strange – there’s a woman gets stuck in the window,
rather like Winnie the Pooh. Some of the girls need to grease their bodies to
get through – is margarine, butter, or cold cream better? There is rationing
and coupons to be considered.
Now I actually did some maths regarding the window – Selina
climbs out of it in order to sunbathe on the roof and spend time with Nicholas.
It is 7 x 14, which means its diagonal is 15.65 ins.
So would you need your max measurement to be less than twice that (31.3 ins) to be sure of getting
out? Well not quite – because the young women’s bodies would have a
more-or-less elliptical cross-section. Spark says hips of 36 and a quarter
inches or less can squeeze through. My calculation says that the depth of a
young woman climbing through (the minor axis of the ellipse) would in that case
need to be around 6 and a half inches. (It’s not a measurement that most people
ever make, and I cant really guess how that looks, but it sounds OK)
But yes you would have to be small. Are busts more manoeuvrable?
It’s all a tremendous joke, although it is going to end badly. The word slender
is doing a lot of work here.
In the comments on my recent post on Margery
Allingham’s Dancers in Mourning, it was suggested that the
main character in the book might have been seen as similar to musical comedy
actor Jack Buchanan, and there was some discussion of this
now-largely-forgotten figure. So I was delighted that he (almost) turned up here: one of
the girls, Pauline Fox, regularly gets very dressed up
she said she was going to dine
with the famous actor, Jack Buchanan. No-one disbelieved her outright, and
her madness was undetected.
Selina wears
a high hoop-brimmed blue hat
and shoes with high block wedges; these fashions from France, it was said, were
symbols of the Resistance.
Slightly mysterious, not clear how they were symbols of
Resistance. Hoop-brimmed means the brim has been reinforced with wire to keep
it fixed and firm rather than wavy and wafty.
I very much enjoyed the contrast between a US officer (Felix)
and an English civil servant/poet (Nicholas) when invited to the hostel canteen:
Whenever one of the girls rose
to fetch and carry, Felix Dobell half-rose in his chair, then sat down again,
for courtesy. Nicholas lolled like an Englishman possessed of droits de
seigneur while the two girls served him.
The main action takes place at the end of WW2, between VE
day and VJ day (ie May till August), although there are interspersed paragraphs
‘now’, 1963, where one character brings news to her old friends from the 1940s
(this structure resembles The
Prime of Miss Jean Brodie by the same author)
It is an extraordinary book, which must have raised
eyebrows when it was published.
It is still the greatest metaphor in any book for the
requirements of women’s shapes – an absolute spine chiller.




I’d have pegged the black Schiaparelli as 1950s, with the straplessness and very nipped-in waist and big flare at the hem; possibly worn by Elizabeth Taylor! Your new suggestion is much more what I’d expect of a late 30s-early 40s shape.
ReplyDeleteBusts are much more manoeuverable – if you’re going through a small window on the diagonal they can be squidged to fit through the triangular gap. But there’s no give in a pelvis.
IIRC the wedge shoes were supposed to be symbols of resistance, along with big silly over-trimmed hats and full skirts, because they were new, colourful and impractical and took resources away from the Nazi war machine.
Sovay
I believe the black dress dates from 1951, which is within the elastic timeframes I work in when looking for the right dress!
DeleteThe new version dates from 1937, which is probably about right - I think the dress is meant to be pre-war, a gift from Anne's aunt, and kept going for years.
... and will add that I have every respect for the Resistance, but am wholly unconvinced by the importance of that theory in winning a war...
DeleteLogically the dress would most likely be pre-war - Schiaparelli was still working in New York through the 1940s but chances of getting hold of a new model in Britain would be slim to none!
DeleteSovay
I have to agree about the Resistance - I should think active Resistants had other things on their minds and the fancy hats &c were just a gesture by those who otherwise didn't go beyond passive resistance (and I'm not condemning them - I 'm pretty sure I wouldn't have done any better myself).
DeleteSovay
For sure there were a lot of pre-war clothes around - I always consider that when choosing pictures for 1940s characters.
DeleteYes a real Resistance character would have other things on their mind...
I went to Google (surprise!) and looked up fashion and French Resistance. From what I've seen, I think Sovay was right about the passive resistance. This post mentions a "towering headdress and clattering wooden-soled platform shoes"--dress was used as a gesture against the Germans' conservative strictures (which included forbidding swing and jazz music). https://thevintageshowroom.com/stories/french-resistance-impovised-style-in-occupied-france/
DeleteThanks Marty - very interesting webpage.
DeleteIn Paris red, white and blue were as patriotic rejevtion of Nazism. Amy de la Haye discusses the implications in her paper: https://www.showstudio.com/projects/fashion-in-a-time-of-crisis/haute-couture-under-occupation
DeleteThat makes sense - it would be the same in UK and US.
DeleteAnother interesting paper - there is so much valuable research out there.
If I could have Girls of slender means and A far cry from Kensington in one volume then that would be my Desert Island book. Many writers' words just slip in and out of my brain but the Sparks always stick - behind her stories of the everyday there is always so much more.
DeleteTrying to think why the black dress said 1950s so strongly to me - I finally realised it was because I associate that silhouette with archetypal 50s Blonde Bombshell Diana Dors - as here:
Deletehttps://www.shutterstock.com/editorial/image-editorial/diana-dors-royal-film-premiere-london-britain-417778ao?dd_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F
Sovay
She knew how to rock a red carpet/premiere
DeleteI think for desert island books it is essential to be able to have some bound up together!
Delete"Slightly mysterious, not clear how they were symbols of Resistance." Or possibly the French cocking a snook (is that the right phrase?) at the Germans who were determined to remove the capital of chic and couture from Paris to Berlin and Vienna. Lucien Lelong talked them out of it but it was dicey. https://refashioninghistory.com/2017/05/21/haute-couture-during-world-war-ii/
DeleteI think there’s also a theory that the French intended German women to copy the flamboyant clothes and make themselves look ridiculous (the French women, being French, were assumed to be capable of making anything look chic). Not sure I believe that one either!
DeleteSovay
such a niche topic - the uses and fate of fashion during German occupation - but so fascinating. And so many people have looked at it.
DeleteShay mentioned Lelong, who I think was a mentor to Christian Dior (whose own sister was a member of the Resistance). One of the websites I visited related a story about a Lelong show for high-society women, at which Dior reportedly made a remark that when these women were shot they'd be wearing Lelong! Only a couturier could make such a remark!
DeleteThat remark sums up the whole fashion/war connection!
DeleteLinda in Dancers in Mourning by Marjorie Allingham wears Lelong, as I illustrated in my recent post https://clothesinbooks.blogspot.com/2025/10/dancers-in-mourning-by-margery-allingham.html
- the black suit two-thirds of the way in
I suppose the French shoes were those with wooden soles because leather had been banned. Although presumably wooden/cork soled shoes were found elsewhere, not just in France and not only worn by the resistance. There is a passing reference and a photo here: From Function to Fashion: Platform and Wedge Footwear of the 1930s and 1940s - Step Into the Bata Shoe Museum https://share.google/pyo0dDonbBsGrMjUO
ReplyDeletethanks Susanna - great info and nice website!
DeleteThere was wood-soled footwear in wartime Britain to save leather - I remember reading somewhere that people found it very difficult to walk in at first because the soles didn't flex at all, and they had to be instructed on how to move (put the heel down first, then roll the weight forward). Old-school Northern clog-wearers must have had a head start.
DeleteSovay
I bought clogs (leather uppers. wooden soles) in Lancashire in the 1960s and found them very comfortable, but when I went back in the 1980s all the shops had closed.
DeleteThere was quite a fashion for wooden-soled clogs in the 1970s - I had a couple of pairs. Often with studded edges, and sometimes with a Scandi feel.
DeleteClog-making is a dying art but one can still get them - a bus driver in my neck of the woods always wears them (and can be heard approaching from the far end of the bus station, what with the wooden soles and the clog irons).
DeleteSovay
Oh - I'd quite forgotten: my clogs in the 1970s were known as my 'advance warning boots', because I could never sneak up on anyone...
DeleteA whole shift of beclogged workers, all heading for home at the same time across a cobbled mill yard, must have been genuinely deafening.
DeleteSovay
Yes indeed. Some composer should have made a percussion symphony from them...
DeleteI am working my way through Sparks' novels and novellas (very slowly) and I think this is probably my favourite, although I would still say The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie is technically her best. The atmosphere of the house is captured so well, and all the characters really come off the page. The Schiaparelli dress is one of the things I remember most clearly, and the role it played in the end of the novel. When I read it I looked up pictures of Schiaparelli dresses from the 30s and my favourite was the butterfly dress (https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/156052), although I don't think the shape matches the description in the text.
ReplyDeleteI read many of her books a long time ago and it's interesting revisiting them. For me, Girls stands up better than Jean Brodie - though it is still a remarkable book.
DeleteAlways happy to look at another Schiaparelli dress, and that one is beautiful, though the Met are very fussy about the picture, not letting one view it in detail!
What an interesting look at young women of that time, Moira! And I do like Sparks' way of commenting on society and social realities without actually doing so, if that makes any sense. I admit I've not read this one, but it sounds (perhaps I'm wrong) as though it has an underlying sense of unease at times. That can be really effective, and people like Sparks do it well, in my opinion.
ReplyDeleteyes, Margot, a sense of unease is a good way of putting it. Like in the best crime books that we both like so much...
DeleteWell. I read Girls of Slender Means abridged in a magazine, so I guess I was 13, and this was racy, grown-up stuff for me. All my life I recalled only 2 bits from the books: "Filthy luck, I'm preggers. Come to the wedding?" (gosh!) And the horrible ending for--presumably--the same girl.
ReplyDeleteI read many things the same way - not this book, but I very much recognize the idea of sudden sharp memories, and a few memorable phrases!
DeleteMight the reference to the window's size be to the glass in the pane, rather than to the window frame, which would be rather larger?
ReplyDelete"Shoes with high block wedges" in France, are surely sabots, so the implications of wearing them in the Occupation - even if they're only symbolic - are obvious.
Thanks for your comments, though I don't agree 😀😀😀!
DeleteThe measurement she gives is in relation to whether you can climb in or out of the window.
The French shoes may have intended a nod to sabots in the wooden soles, but they were not sabots: they were fashion shoes.
From the AI (I know, I know, but maybe worth checking): "The Zazous: This youth subculture openly defied fascist aesthetics and the austerity of the occupation. They adopted a flamboyant style that included:
DeleteOversized jackets and narrow-leg trousers for men
Short skirts, cropped jackets, and American-style curls for women
Thick-soled platform shoes
Wearing these styles was a silent protest and a declaration of individual freedom."
I couldn't locate the podcast mentioned in this post, but it claims that the "fashion protestors" sometimes paid dearly for their patriotism. https://www.girlmuseum.org/vive-la-resistance-french-girls-using-fashion-to-oppose-the-nazi-occupation-of-france-1940-1944/
DeleteAother interesting page, but very oddly-formatted did you find? Reading someone's description of another person's podcast tested my patience slightly - I had questions!
DeleteThis and A Far Cry From Kensington are my favourites of her novels, of the ones I have read anyway. It does so much in a little space, a whole world is there. Yes, chilling too. A propos of Schiaparelli, there was also a perfume called Shocking sold in a bright pink box, which the flamboyant grandmother of one of my friends used to wear. Chrissie
ReplyDeleteShocking, whose torso bottle was inspired by Mae West's dressmakers dummy which was sent to Schiaparelli in order for costumes to be made for a film. Schiaparelli took one look at the silhouette and declared "Shocking!" and so the bottle gained its shape. There was a sort of sequel perfume, "Zut!" which was shaped like a pair of lower legs, which was inspired by an incident where Schiaparelli was hurrying to catch a train or something, and her skirt suddenly dropped off. "Zut!" was her first utterance, and thus a perfume was born.
DeleteChrissie: Yes, 2 of my favourites, along with Loitering with Intent. I remember you put the perfume Shocking into one of your books, a character wears it?
DeleteDaniel: excellent extra info!
DeleteI had forgotten that, Moira. Fancy you remembering!
DeleteI read with attention!
DeleteWomen's hostels can be found in Angel Pavement, and in Dodie Smith's A Town in Bloom. Clive James reviewed the TV version of Slender Means, which included Miriam Margolyse as the plain girl. He praised the way "her chummy niceness doesn't slip for a moment". (Lucy)
ReplyDeleteAngel Pavement is a good book, perhaps it needs a champion, or it would make a good period drama. And i love A Town in Bloom.
DeleteBoth feature on the blog, and Dodie Smith in my Guardian piece on women sharing.
That's a very good phrase from CJ, and in a way sums up what's good about Spark, little unexpected details. After my recent reread, I keep thinking about Joanna giving up her clothes coupons so her father the vicar could have a new cloak.
The American equivalent would be the Barbizon Hotel for Women, where Sylvia Plath's heroine lived for a time in "The Bell Jar."
DeleteThere is also a most unnerving crime story, Death of a Doll by Hilda Lawrence, set in a hostel for young women in Manhattan
Deletehttps://clothesinbooks.blogspot.com/2023/10/death-of-doll-by-hilda-lawrence.html
-- and of course my post mentions The Girls of Slender Means. I am so circular...
I did two posts on The Bell Jar in the very early days of the blog, before there was the chance to link it with other girls-sharing books...
My mother said she had a pair of wooden-soled shoes during the war, and they also turn up in Barbara Vine's A Dark-Adapted Eye. In the 1970s, clogs with laces (not the mule type that some of us wore at that time) were very popular in folk clubs :-)
ReplyDeleteYears ago, there was an adaptation of Angel Pavement with The great Murray Melvin as the clerk Turgis, talking about smoking 'gaspers' - all I remember of it as it was such a long time ago .
I definitely remember the clogs with laces!
DeleteI see there were adaptations in 1957 and 1967 - we are definitely due another
Tried several times to comment, with no success. Fingers crossed! I’ve always imagined the Schiaparelli dress fitted at the waist, with lots of flouncy layers. I think the word “taffeta’ connected my brain to Gone With The Wind and Rhett buying Mammy a taffeta petticoat that rustled like angel wings! But the dress had belonged to someone’s aunt, and has to be pre-war, so my image of it (rather ‘New Look’, which is too late for the book), is wrong. By the way, I had wooden-soled shoes - with a high wooden heel as well - in the 70s and very uncomfortable they were! And I had a pair of sandals with thick cork soles and high heels, which so wobbly, I used to fall off them at regular intervals.
ReplyDeleteI'm sorry you have problems, I know how annoying it is (I have issues ommenting on others' blogs) but I am in the hands of my free provider!
DeleteNow cork soles I really liked - particularly cork wedges - but mine had straps and they stayed on, were comfortable, AND looked fashionable...