Black Plumes by Margery Allingham
published 1940
[excerpt]
To begin with, the wind had risen almost to gale force. It
raced round the square, tormenting and blinding, irritating the horses and
disarranging the flowers. It was like Gabrielle to insist on horses. No motor
hearse in the world can convey the same macabre dignity which six brown-black
horses, complete with silver buckles and black plumes, can produce with a
single rattle of their well-oiled hoofs. The plumes were the undertaker’s own
contribution. He was an elderly man who recognised a real Victorian when he met
one. The plumes had been resurrected, therefore, for the first time since the
war had given Londoners new and simpler ideas about interment. Now they stood
high in their silver sconces on top of the hearse and on the nodding heads of
the black horses, looking like bunches of gigantic crepe palm leaves. The wind
leapt on them with a squeal of triumph as they waved before the breakfast-room
windows, and Robert Madrigal waited for the last time for his friends.
There were few friends. Flowers had arrived by the cartload, but the
fashionable crowd was absent. However, there was no dearth of mourners. The
newspapers had announced the event, and the square was full of sober, idle people,
not one of whom had so much as nodded to the living Robert but who had come to
watch his burying as they would have come to watch any other procession with a
bit of a tale to it.
[After the funeral] The only uninvited guests in the house
were the police. They hung about shamefully, like bailiffs, secretly a trifle
overawed.
comments: I explained in an earlier
post
how this book is a standalone by Allingham (ie not a Campion book), and how it fits
in with my obsession with mourning.
It is set when it is written, though the mention of the
Second World War above is the only reference to it.
It is a very usual kind of Allingham setup: the Ivory
family owns two houses next to each other in Hampstead: one for living in and
one as an art gallery. There are the usual complex family relations, and
various marriages. Our heroine is Frances Ivory, living in one house with her
ancient grandmother Gabrielle Ivory (lovely names), and half-sister Phillida,
who is neurotic. There is a family business which may be in trouble, and there
is a backstory involving a disastrous expedition to Tibet, where someone was
lost to the snows some years before. (And if you can’t see where that one is
going, then perhaps you don’t read GA crime much). A valuable painting has been
slashed. Everyone is at odds with everyone else.
For wholly unconvincing reasons, Frances pretends to be
engaged to David Field, a painter with a past involving the family. (reminiscent
of the fake engagement between Amanda and Campion in the 1938 The
Fashion in Shrouds). Soon everything is going horribly wrong.
I loved this as an example of how Allingham was funny and
clever, could paint the picture, but also excelled at creating unease:
Phillida got up and walked down the room, her lace negligee trailing. “Frances,” she said suddenly, “have you ever thought that Robert might be mad?”
The question would have been remarkable if only because it came from Phillida and concerned the state of mind of somebody other than herself, but up in the dark bedroom, with the firelight flickering and the wind chattering round the house, its very directness shot a chill to Frances’ diaphragm.
When a murder happens, the two houses become the focus for
endless attention, and the description of the funeral, above, was wonderful.
The identity of the murderer was, I thought, easily
guessed: there was a clue I spotted instantly, and also a feel that in this
kind of book, it is going to be this kind of person. But I still enjoyed the
unravelling of the plot. And the writing is always so good with Allingham –
this is the elderly lady, the matriarch:
On the end of the bed, calm, obstinate and completely mistress of the situation, sat a Gabrielle whom no one had ever seen before. She had shrunk, settling down inside herself until she looked like a netsuke, swathed in white lace wool. Her frailty was no longer her dominant feature. Instead she had become minute and vital, a concentrated essence of herself.
The n-word is used in the book, 12 times, casually, very
much of its time. It would, I guess, be hard to remove it: it is the only way of
referring to a certain character. See the
comments on the earlier post for some discussion of this.
The crime is investigated by a Scottish policeman, who is a
charming character – but, the phonetic rendering of his Scottish speech is an
excrescence, I don’t know what she was thinking. “It’s chust another little bit
o’ the chigsaw which may not fit in with the rest. . .”
But generally – a really enjoyable read.
The funeral procession showing the coach and the black
plumes is from Flickr.
The mourning woman from the LSE
library.
What a wonderful description of the funeral! I was there! (Almost...) I'm guessing the policeman was from the Highlands, hence the "soft J", but, as a Scotswoman, I squirm at most phonetic renderings of Scottish accents!
ReplyDeleteI thought it was a marvellous piece of writing - like you, I felt I was there...
DeleteAnd I think the policeman's voice was probably beautiful - but the rendition was not!
I wonder whether having the first few sentences done phonetically (and the listener having to translate) and then later having a reference to his accent without the phonetics might have been a less intrusive choice. It might have helped the reader realise what the accent was and be able to make adjustments later.
DeleteMaybe Television has advantages here with subtitling. I come from the West Midlands, and while Timothy Spall's accent in Auf Wiedersehn Pet was recognisable, the thought of having to deal with it phonetically would be a nightmare.
That is a good idea for a general policy I think.
DeletePhonetic speech drives me mad, and is enough to put me off a book. It almost never seems to work. I come from Liverpool and can't think of any convincing written rendition of the accent. Language and choice of words can easily represent the local way of talking, no need to try to transcribe the accent.
And another thing - missing off a letter at the end but then putting in the apostrophe to indicate that. When used for local dialects it seems absolutely ridiculous. If you're representing the way a word was spoken, you don't need to indicate there is something missing, it just looks prissy and officious. (rant over)
I agree that it's more or less impossible to render a local accent - a case in point being the Northern cliche "trouble at t'mill". There is NO extra T sound between "at" and "mill" - what there is, I could only describe as an abrupt but infinitesimal pause.
DeleteGreat point - thanks for putting us right on that one! (though it'll be fighting a losing battle)
DeletePhonetically, shouldn't it be "Trooble a't' mill"- "oo" as in "hook" rather than "Moog" (interesting that those were the examples that popped up in my mind!) and "a t mill", with another "infinitesimal pause" between "a" and "t", making "t" more prominent?
DeleteAt the beginning of "Pygmalion," Eliza's first few lines are practically unreadable, being written so as to represent her dialect. Then comes an author's note admitting that "this desperate attempt...must be abandoned as unintelligible outside London"!
DeleteThe discussions in the comments are so brilliant and erudite these days - I wonder how to reach more people who need to know these things!
DeleteGBShaw wanted to rationalize spelling, didn't he? I think he left a lot of money to the cause...
I don't know how that would work out with phonetic renditions.
And now I'm wondering what happened to the money: his estate must still be huge because of My Fair Lady.
No offence to the real people but: I have a lovely mental picture of People who Believe in Rational Spelling swanning round some gorgeous offices in central London having lunch at the Ritz every day and being *very serious* about spelling. There's your sitcom right there.
DeleteI so agree with the comments about phonetic renditions of accents. When I was at teacher training college way back in the early 1970s, we did a lot about ‘rational’ reading schemes, like the Initial Teaching Alphabet, and Colour Story Reading, which were based on phonetics, so the same sound always had the same symbol, no matter how it was really spelt. Colour Story Reading had a different colour for each sound, but since easily recognised colours were limited, the system also used coloured shapes with the letter on them. Each sound had a story to go with it - I seem to remember ‘d’ was red, because it was a dustman with a cold in his nose! I was unfortunate enough to get a placement in a school using it, and it strengthened my realisation that I didn’t like teaching or children!
<>
DeleteIt depends how you pronounce "hook" and "Moog". In my part of the North "hook" is the same vowel as "boo" and Robert Moog pronounces his name with vowel from "slow".
Mmmm indeed. My mother was a 'traditional' teacher and had a lot to say on new schemes being introduced. (Maths too - we had a family catchphrase referrring to scheme which had colours and initials, and had an item with the letter H and the colour heliotrope. I mean - who even knows...? Huh for Purple was the phrase in our house)
DeleteAnd yes, BillS - I didn't even know till I went away to university that I pronounced things differently from southerners - book, and bath, and castle. And words like ring and sing, I'm still not sure about those.
"Trouble" not "true- ble"!, Bills!
DeleteAs for Mr Moog, as Evelyn Waugh said of Kingsley Amis "Man doesn't know how to pronounce his own name."
I think most of Shaw's estate went to the British Museum, but he left money for a revised alphabet. Penguin published a Shaw Alphabet Edition of Androcles and the Lion in 1962, but I think that was the only publication in it.
Shaw kept a diary in shorthand and - like Dickens - wrote much of his books in it.
anon is roger allen undercover!
DeleteYes, I guessed! Is his shorthand readable by the rest of us?
DeleteAndrocles and the Lion! I haven't thought of that in years, but remember loving seeing it a long time ago.
Copies here: https://www.bookfinder.com/search/?full=on&ac=sl&st=sl&ref=bf_s2_a1_t1_1&qi=KnW.Jc0,1TbJ97i8KtTyv7LS0x0_1715712553_1:291:955
DeleteThanks!
DeleteYou're right, Moira. Allingham did know how to build unease and tension, and I don't think she always gets the recognition she deserves for that. I can't say I'm a huge fan of Campion, but her writing is good, and she did know how to set the scene.
ReplyDeleteI wonder how much she is read these days? It would be a shame if she were to be forgotten. And I would love to know more about your reaction to Campion...
DeleteDickens wrote another satirical description of a funeral in "Bleak House," with empty carriages "mourning" Tulkinghorn.
ReplyDeleteOh thanks, funerals are another fruitful topic alongside mourning.
DeleteNow that I've had a week or so to think about it, it's interesting to realise that it was one of my favourites of hers and that, for me, it allowed her to rework some of the best bits from Fashion In Shrouds and Death of a Ghost.
ReplyDeleteI wonder how it sold at the time. I think I might have liked more stand-alone Allinghams, and while David does have some Campion characteristics, it is not overplayed and, apart from the engagement, Frances feels sufficiently different to Amanda.
I am afraid that some of the asides in your posts do send my brain off on tangents. We know that at least one of her contemporaries did not like Dorothy Sayers' introduction of Harriet Vane, but for those of us whose reading of the books is informed by Harriet Walters's performance in the Edward Petherbridge adaptations, she was a humanising factor.
For Marsh, I do think I enjoy the books in which Agatha Troy observes the lead-up to the murder so that we can delay the interrogations (or even significantly reduce their length by her reporting to him) more than the others.
Perhaps for Allingham, Amanda and Campion also allowed him to move Campion away from the Wimsey impersonation he felt like early on.
More than ever I'm wondering how I missed this one out all these years - and from comments here and elsewehere online, I wasn't the only one.
DeleteYes I would say very much the happy love child of those other two books!
Very good point about Harriet Walters - she does make that whole romance a lot more bearable. I love Harriet Vane and wouldn't be without her, or the books, but there are some truly cringe-making moments, and I feel embarrassed for Sayers. And yet I will be reading those books till my last breath.
Troy I am cooler about, but she does have a good effect on Alleyn as I think you are implying. I am very picky about art and artists in books, it seems to bring out the worst in authors. All that 'all the good characters can recognize good art, bad characters can't' and Troy being the leading painter of her generation. Like Adam Dalgliesh with the poetry. No no no. But she's OK as a character.
Amanda I love, and when I first read the books as a teenager she was almost a role model for me in terms of pursuing a career.
The worst GAD artist is Henrietta in The Hollow.
DeleteNo! I'm so surprised. I love Henrietta. What is it that you don't like about her? she's one of the people where I feel I really would like to see her work....
DeleteShe had a thing about formidable old bats refusing to recognise the 20th century. Wearing priceless lace, or white bonnets.
ReplyDeleteYes, more sympathy than they sometimes deserved. I am knocked out by her comparing her to a netsuke in her white lace, I think that's fabulous.
DeleteWhat always irks me is that these old ladies are described as being very old and very delicate. And as I remember it Belle Lafcadio is only in her sixties. At the same time these delicate ladies are served by women who are the same age and work really hard. Allingham seems to think that working-class women are immune to the ravages of age.
DeleteClare
Yes I totally agree with you, and it's something that I always notice in these books. Particularly when the servants 'love' working for the old ladies. I'm reading another Allingham at the moment with a very egregious example - The China Governess.
DeleteThere is a Toni Morrison book with a wealthy elderly lady who loses all her money, then commits suicide. There is an impassioned shout from her black servant who says words to the effect of 'that is so insulting that she would rather die than live the life I was forced into for all those years: she couldn't be expected to put up with that.' It made a deep impression on me.
Yet another - revered, impressively selfish actress Mathilde Zoffany - in Allingham's "Last Act", complete with devoted elderly French servant ...
DeleteSovay
I haven't read that one - but I have written before about those actresses who have adoring dressers who've been with them forever (and never allowed their own life). Being allowed to be cheeky to their employers is supposed to make up for a lifetime of servitude. this is an early post on the subject: https://clothesinbooks.blogspot.com/2015/03/dress-down-sunday-theatrical-dressers.html
Deletebut it turns up in later blogposts. I'm trying to unionize the dressers!
That reminds me of Margaret Forster's Lady's Maid about Elizabeth Wilson who was Elizabeth Barrett Browning's maid. I don't think I ever read the book, I heard the radio play on radio 4. I'm afraid this kind of life was the fate of many poor girls. Things only changed after WWII, much to the dismay of the ladies looking to employ servants.
DeleteYes, the life of a servant can be hard to contemplate - but it's the old age that really gets you, the thought of those women slaving away in the service of another woman. (Who no doubt thought she had a busy and exhausting life). Gwen Raverat in Period Piece (a light and charming book) wonders why a much older woman is getting up early to build a fire in her, Gwen's, bedroom - but there is very little evidence of even quite thoughtful people criticising the system. I guess they thought that was the way life was, and they were giving employment to poor people
DeleteBy way of contrast, one of my grandmothers spent time as a servant in London in the mid thirties and had fond memories of it. It sounds like she was some house of house maid, but the family were fine (trying to imagine her as one of the housemaids in a Georgette Heyer novel is fun). What she remembered particularly was travelling around London on her afternoons off and dusting the books. I got the impression that it was better than being at home.
DeleteAt least in London the chance of having a follower was probably quite large.
Oh what fascinating memories, I love the thought of her dusting the books! And yes indeed, I think being in London must have been much more fun.
DeleteI can quite see that having a few years working, out in the world, seeing a big city, meeting people would be nice, particularly if you could move on to marriage or whatever job you would like to do. But you feel the later lives might not be so much fun.
"More Work for the Undertaker" doesn't actually have any funerals (except off-page) and hardly any mourning outfits. An undertaker does figure in the plot, as does one of those very eccentric families. There are some interesting if bizarre clothes on some of the female characters.
ReplyDeleteWould add that there is a horse-drawn "coffin brake" described near the end of the book. Not as impressive as the one in "Black Plumes" though!
DeleteI read it comparatively recently but can't remember anything about it! I will have to look again, thanks. (I just checked and I read it not long before I started blogging). I think I get it confused with Coroner's Pidgin!
Delete"They're above clothes." The shabby genteel sisters wear all their old clothes - at once.
DeleteI think there is similar in one of Patricia Wentworth's books
DeleteI've just been reading Patricia Wentworth's 'Latter End' which has an equally unconvincing fake engagement - the final outcome of which is as predicable as the mysterious disappearance in foreign parts.
ReplyDeleteSovay
Yes indeed. Fake engagements are vanishingly unlikely in real life, and, exactly as you say, only too predictable in their outcomes in books
Delete"It is set when it is written, though the mention of the Second World War above is the only reference to it."
ReplyDeletePublished in 1940, might the book have been written and/or set before the outbreak of WWII?
Well - saying 'the war had given Londoners new and simpler ideas about interment' *could* mean the first war, but is there any feel that funerals became simpler in that era?
DeleteI think maybe she isn't sure herself - there were no inconveniences to the plot because of the war. When she wrote it, the future would have been far from clear.
It seems to me it must be post WW I, but before WW II. References to the war are always to "the war," not "the last war," and activities such as dining out, behaviour of servants, fear of scandal regarding Phillida's marriage, interactions between Frances and David, seem much more like the thirties than the 40s or 50s, not to mention attitudes toward David's time in the US: there doesn't seem to be the feeling about "Yanks" that I see in post-WWII British fiction. At dinner in the Marble Hall, David says, "I know you [Godolphin] and I, and Phillida too . . . all belong to the gang who grew up just after the war and found the place in such a mess that everything had to be a roaring joke, and we laughed ourselves along, trying everything and feeling that nothing was very serious . . . . You can't go assing along like this as though we were still back in the nineteen-twenties." So it's not the 20s, but I think it has to be before 1938.
DeleteI haven't finished it yet, so if I find anything more definitive I'll come back!
Sorry, obviously it's not set later than the publication date, I don't know where my mind was. Anyway it can't be during the war because there's no blackout: "Big Ben blinked down on them and the coloured advertisement signs from up-river stained the water below."
DeleteThanks, very helpful. I didn't start noticing pointers till late on. I suppose I just though it had a feel for the time of the Phoney War. But the fact that people could travel so easily is another pointer to its being pre-Sept 39. It's never mentioned as an issue in the various arrivals and departures.
DeleteThe First World War (and Spanish flu during and immediately after it) is supposed to have brought about the end of Victorian-style mourning customs, simply because of the number of casualties - practically every family in Europe and beyond would have been in mourning for years.
DeleteSovay
Oh that's a very interesting point, one I hadn't thought of, but makes perfect sense.
DeleteI'm about to start on her first detective story ,"The White Cottage Mystery" from 1927.
ReplyDeleteHope you enjoy! it's another standalone, Campion did not appear till the next of her crime stories.
DeleteGood read. Finished in two evenings. I noticed a clue to the murderer then dismissed it!
DeleteAppropriately for this site we are told that WT (the detective) had a pretty shrewd knowledge of the cost of clothes- it was part of his business.
I had a clue like that! trying not to spoiler, would you say it referred to what might be said to be a part of someone's body?
DeleteMine was about time and location.
DeleteI think I'd better reread!
DeleteI got my Allinghams out (slowly collected second-hand over the years) and I have two other stand-alones: Take Two at Bedtime, a collection of two novelettes: Wanted: Someone Innocent and Last Act. The other one is No Love Lost, comprising The Patient at Peacocks Hall and Safer than Love. They all seem to be post-WWII. Both volumes are green and white penguins and cost 2/6 originally.
ReplyDeleteClare
I covered No Love Lost on the blog here https://clothesinbooks.blogspot.com/2013/11/no-love-lost-by-margery-allingham.html - with a picture that I absolutely love.
DeleteI don't think I've come across the other one. Green and white penguins - lucky you!
Unusually, my husband's grandmother had a very good experience as a lady's maid to a well-connected young woman. They kept in touch after the grandmother had left to do war work in 1916, and we have inherited the lady's album, which is fascinating. But being a lady's maid must have been a situation of extraordinary intimacy; you would know everything about your mistress.
ReplyDeleteThat sounds very lucky! And yes indeed - you'd think the situation would be impossible if lady and maid didn't just like and trust each other on a basic level...
Delete"Why can't the English learn how to speak?" asked Shaw, an Irishman. His preface to Pygmalion becomes a wonderful song for Prof Higgins.
ReplyDeleteDon't you automatically hear those words in your head exactly as Rex Harrison sang/spoke them?
Delete